1. Richard C. Wolbers and Gregory Landrey, “Use of Direct Reactive Fluorescent Dyes for the Characterization of Binding Media in Cross Sectional Examinations,” 15th Annual AIC Meeting, Vancouver, British Columbia, 1987, pp. 168–202. 2. Jonathan Fairbanks and Elizabeth Bates, American Furniture 1620 to the Present (New York: Richard Marek Publishers, 1981), p. 361. 3. John Hamilton, curator of the Museum of Our National Heritage, suggests that the wear on the crest rail may be the result of abrasion from the rim of the top hat frequently worn by the Master during ceremonies. 4. To achieve a glassy surface, I polished the cross-sections with Micro-Mesh abrasive cloths with grits from 1,500 to 12,000. I examined the samples with an Olympus BHT Series 2 Fluorescence microscope with UV (300 to 400 nm with 420 nm barrier filter) and V (390 to 420 nm with 455 nm barrier filter) cubes. Richard C. Wolbers, Nanette T. Sterman, and Chris Stavroudis, Notes for Workshop in New Methods in the Cleaning of Paintings (Santa Monica: Getty Conservation Institute, 1990), pp. 53, 58–73. 5. I mounted the samples under cover slips on glass slides with Cargille Meltmount (refractive index of 1.66). For more on these pigments and their characteristics, see Rutherford J. Gettens and George L. Stout, Paintings Materials (New York: Dover Publications, 1966), pp. 150, 153, 158–59, 171. 6. Dr. Leon Stodulski of the Detroit Institute of Arts performed the SEM analysis. 7. Saliva worked too slowly and required too much volume to be practical. Saliva also contains a high percentage of water, so there was still a problem of cleaning the metallic powder areas with any form of an aqueous cleaning system that would encourage further corrosion. 8. Modified recipe from Richard C. Wolbers for artificial saliva: 0.50 g albumen; 0.25 g mucin; 0.15 g glucose; 1.80 g NaCl; 0.04 g diammonium citrate; 0.01 g uric acid; 0.44 g sodium phosphate; 0.44 g sodium phosphate dibasic; trace amounts of lipase, amylase, lysozyme, protease; pH adjusted to 8.5 with NaOH; water to produce a total volume of 200 ml; 3 g hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose; 2 ml Ancor LB-503 Corrosion Inhibitor. 9. John D. Hamilton, Maureen Harper (Registrar, Museum of Our National Heritage), and I decided to spray the painted surfaces lightly with Liquitex Soluvar Matte Varnish to provide a protective coating and to resaturate the areas that were badly abraded and damaged. There was also evidence of a plant resin varnish coating on the chair, so we decided that this reversible varnish coating appropriately replicated the earlier glossy surfaces. 10. Allen E. Roberts, The Craft and Its Symbols: Opening the Door to Masonic Symbols (Richmond, Va.: Macoy Publishing and Masonic Supply Company, 1974), pp. 6–8. The author thanks John Hamilton for information on the significance of the color red in Masonry. 11. Roberts, Craft and Its Symbols, p. 12. 12. Ibid., pp. 30, 56. 13. Ibid., pp. 12, 56. Roberts did not cite any references to support his claim, but he noted that “in other languages God does not start with the letter ‘G,’ nor does Geometry,” implying that the use of G in non-English-speaking countries would not convey the same message and thus would not be used in this form. 14. I cleaned the pillars and candle stand using 0.2 percent Triton X-100 in deionized water, rinsed them with deionized water, and cleared them with odorless mineral spirits. 15. Waldwin Percival, Masonry and Its Symbols in the Light of Thinking and Destiny (New York: The WORD Publishing Co., 1952), p. 54. Roberts, Craft and Its Symbols, p. 56. 16. “More Light” is referred to as the true Masonic Prayer. For more on the symbolism of light, see Roberts, Craft and Its Symbols, p. 32; and Percival, Masonry and Its Symbols, p. 54. 17. Mr. J. Denny Kitchen discovered the suite in a ruined Masonic temple in rural Ohio over twenty-five years ago. The objects were wet from roof leaks and covered with bird droppings. To slow the drying process and save the painted surfaces, he coated them with a thick layer of beeswax-based furniture polish. Because the chair was too tall to fit into his house, he removed the casters and stored them away in a box (the author thanks Mr. Kitchen for this information).