Figure 1  Secretary-and-bookcase, Charleston, 1785–1790. Mahogany and mahogany veneer with white cedar, red cedar, and white pine. H. 105 3/4", W. 48 1/2", D. 24 3/8". (Courtesy, Charleston Museum; photo, Gavin Ashworth.)

Figure 2  Detail of the writing compartment of the secretary-and-bookcase illustrated in fig. 1. (Photo, Gavin Ashworth.)

Figure 3  Detail of the pediment of the
secretary-and-bookcase illustrated in fig. 1. (Photo, Gavin Ashworth.)

Figure 4  Clothespress, Charleston, 1785–1790. Woods and dimensions unrecorded. (Courtesy, Charleston Museum.)

Figure 5  Detail of the pediment of the clothespress illustrated in fig. 4.

Figure 6  Secretary-and-bookcase on legs, Charleston, 1785–1790. Mahogany and mahogany veneer with cypress and yellow pine. H. 101 3/4", W. 49 13/16", D. 24 7/16". (Courtesy, Baltimore Museum of Art.) The pediment and frieze are constructed on a separate dovetail frame.

Figure 7  Detail of the leg and drawer inlay on the secretary-and-bookcase on legs illustrated in fig. 6.

Figure 8  Chest of drawers labeled by William Jones, Charleston, 1788–1789. Mahogany and mahogany veneer with white pine, ash, tulip poplar, and mahogany. H. 34 1/2", W. 42", D. 21 3/4". (Collection of the Museum of Early Southern Decorative Arts.) The drawer-face veneers and stringing are replaced.

Figure 9  Detail of the label on the chest illustrated in fig. 8.

Figure 10  Detail of a canted corner and foot on the chest illustrated in fig. 8.

Figure 11  Dressing chest attributed to William Jones, Charleston, 1785–1790. Mahogany and mahogany veneer with white pine, mahogany, and red cedar. H. 37 7/16", W. 40 13/16", D. 23 7/16". (Courtesy, Winterthur Museum; gift of Commander and Mrs. Duncan I. Selfridge.)

Figure 12  Detail of the veneer and inlay on the drawers, feet, and cants of the dressing chest illustrated in fig. 11.

Figure 13  Detail of the upper drawer of the dressing chest illustrated in fig. 11, with dressing glass deployed.

Figure 14  Secretary-press attributed to William Jones, Charleston, 1785–1790. Mahogany and mahogany veneer with white pine, red cedar, and tulip poplar. H. 99 1/4", W. 49 3/8", D. 24 5/8". (Courtesy, Diplomatic Reception Rooms, U.S. Department of State.) Both the upper and lower cases have paneled backs.

Figure 15  Detail of the writing compartment of the secretary-press illustrated in fig. 14.

Figure 16  Clothespress, Charleston, 1785–1790. Mahogany and mahogany veneer with white pine. H. 91", W. 53 1/4", D. 25 3/4". (Private collection; photo, Dirk Bakker.)

Figure 17  Detail of a foot and canted corner of the clothespress illustrated in fig. 16. (Photo, Museum of Early Southern Decorative Arts.)

Figure 18  Detail of the frieze of the clothespress illustrated in fig. 16. (Photo, Dirk Bakker.)

Figure 19  Tea caddy, Britain, 1780–1800. Woods and dimensions unrecorded. (Courtesy, Philip H. Bradley, Inc.; photo, John Bivins.)

Figure 20  Clothespress, Charleston, 1785–1790. Mahogany with white pine. H. 94", W. 51 3/4",
D. 24 3/4". (Private collection; photo, Museum of Early Southern Decorative Arts.) The lower right brass has been digitally added to this image.

Figure 21  Detail of the pediment of the clothespress illustrated in fig. 20.

Figure 22  Secretary-and-bookcase, Charleston, 1790–1800. Mahogany and mahogany veneer with red cedar and white pine. H. 104", W. 55 3/8", D. 24 3/8". (Private collection; photo, Museum of Early Southern Decorative Arts.)

Figure 23  Open view of the secretary-and-bookcase illustrated in fig. 22.

Figure 24  Detail of the pediment of the secretary-and-bookcase illustrated in fig. 22.

Figure 25  Rear view of the secretary-and-bookcase illustrated in fig. 22, showing the framed pediment and frieze and paneled upper and lower case backs.

Figure 26  Secretary-and-bookcase, Salem, Massachusetts, 1790–1800. Mahogany and mahogany veneer with birch and white pine.
H. 96 3/4", W. 43 3/4", D. 24 1/4". (Private collection; photo, Gavin Ashworth.)

Figure 27  Detail of the pediment of the secretary-and-bookcase illustrated in fig. 26. (Photo, Gavin Ashworth.)

Figure 28  Secretary-and-bookcase labeled by William Appleton, Salem, Massachusetts, 1795–1804 (based upon label address at Charter and Liberty Streets.) Mahogany and mahogany veneer with white pine. H. 97 1/2", W. 43 1/4", D. 24 3/8". (Courtesy, Winterthur Museum.)

Figure 29  Secretary-and-bookcase labeled by Elijah and Jacob Sanderson, Salem, Massachusetts, 1790–1810. Mahogany and mahogany veneer with red cedar and white pine. H. 97 5/8", W. 43 3/8", D. 24 3/4". (Courtesy, Diplomatic Reception Rooms, U.S. Department of State.)

Figure 30  Clothespress, Charleston, 1790–1800. Mahogany and mahogany veneer with yellow pine and white pine. H. 96", W. 50 1/4", D. 24 3/4". (Collection of the Museum of Early Southern Decorative Arts.) The inlaid rosettes and the finial are restorations.

Figure 31  Desk-and-bookcase, Charleston, 1790–1800. Mahogany and mahogany veneer with white pine. H. 983/4" (including finial), W. 45", D. 25". The brasses are replaced. (Private collection; photo, Museum of Early Southern Decorative Arts.)

Figure 32  Detail of the lower case of the desk-and-bookcase illustrated in fig. 31.

Figure 33  Chest of drawers, Charleston, 1790–1800. Mahogany and mahogany veneer with red cedar, mahogany, and white pine. H. 37 1/4", W. 41 7/8", D. 22 1/2". (Courtesy, Yale University Art Gallery; gift of C. Stanford Bull.)

Figure 34  Chest of drawers, Salem, Massachusetts, 1790–1800. Mahogany and mahogany veneer with white pine. H. 36 7/16", W. 40 3/8", D. 22 3/8". (Private collection; photo, John Bivins.)

Figure 35  Gentleman’s secretary, Charleston, 1790–1800. Mahogany and mahogany veneer with white pine. H. 115 1/2", W. 76". (Private collection; photo, Museum of Early Southern Decorative Arts.) The door tracery is missing, and the two drawers below the desk drawer are replaced with a cabinet.

Figure 36  Gentleman’s secretary, Salem, Massachusetts, 1795–1805. Mahogany and mahogany veneer with white pine. H. 99 5/16", W. 67 3/16", D. 18 3/8". (Courtesy, Charleston Museum; photo, Gavin Ashworth.)

Figure 37  Secretary-and-bookcase on legs, Charleston, 1795–1800. Mahogany and mahogany veneer with white pine, tulip poplar, yellow pine, and red cedar. H. 92", W. 42", D. 24". (Courtesy, Sumpter Priddy, III, Inc.; photo, Katherine Wetzel.)

Figure 38  Secretary-and-bookcase signed by Philips & Welch, Charleston, 1800. Mahogany and mahogany veneer with mahogany, yellow pine, and white pine. H. 111 1/2" (including finial), W. 58 1/8", D. 24 1/8". (Private collection; photo, Museum of Early Southern Decorative Arts.)

Figure 39  Detail of the pediment of the secretary-and-bookcase illustrated in fig. 38. The top of the finial is missing.

Figure 40  Detail of the lower case of the secretary-and-bookcase illustrated in fig. 38.