Figure 1  Detail of the front cover of the Christian M. Nestell Drawing Book, New York City, 1811–1812. Ink on paper boards with leather. 15 5/16" x 10". (Courtesy, Winterthur Museum Library.)

Figure 2  Advertisement of Christian M. Nestell, Providence Patriot, Providence, Rhode Island, February 26, 1820. (Courtesy, University of Delaware Library.)

Figure 3  Detail of the Daniel Anthony map of Providence, Rhode Island, 1823. Engraving on paper. 23 1/2" x 33 5/8". (Courtesy, Rhode Island Historical Society Library.)

Figure 4  Advertisement of Christian M. Nestell, Providence Patriot, Providence, Rhode Island, August 28, 1822. (Courtesy, University of Delaware Library.)

Figure 5  Windsor side chair, Christian M. Nestell, Providence, Rhode Island, 1820–1822. Woods unknown. H. 33 1/4", W. 17 3/4" (crest), D. 15" (seat). (Private collection; photo, Winterthur Museum.)

Figure 6  Detail of the label on the bottom of the chair illustrated in fig. 5.

Figure 7  Windsor side chair by Christian M. Nestell, Providence, Rhode Island, 1825–1835. Woods and dimensions unknown. (Private collection; photo, Winterthur Museum.)

Figure 8  Photograph of Christian M. Nestell. Frontispiece of Nestell Lodge, No. 37, A.F. and A.M., Providence, Rhode Island, Fiftieth Anniversary Celebration, 1880–1930 (Providence: By the lodge, 1930). (Courtesy, Rhode Island Historical Society Library.)

Figure 9  Page 4 (top) of the Nestell Drawing Book. Pencil and watercolor on laid paper.

Figure 10  Page 54 (top) of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 11  Page 5 (top) of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 12  Illustration from William Enfield, Elementary View of the Fine Arts, London, 1809, following p. 280. (Courtesy, Winterthur Museum Library.)

Figure 13  Page 1 of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 14  Page 60 of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 15  Page 57 (top) of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 16  Detail from William Faden, A Map of the Inhabited Part of Canada, London, 1777. Engraving on paper. 23 5/8" x 34 7/16". (Courtesy, Winterthur Museum.)

Figure 17  Page 58 of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 18  Page 73 (top) of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 19  Page 82 (top) of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 20  Detail of the inside back cover of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 21  Page 11 (top) of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 22  Page 12 of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 23  Page 50 (top) of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 24  Page 9 (top) of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 25  Page 72 (top) of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 26  Page 10 (top) of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 27  Page 29 (top) of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 28  Page 34 (top) of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 29  Page 67 (top) of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 30  Page 16 (top) of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 31  Page 19 (top) of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 32  Page 21 (top) of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 33  Page 65 of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 34  Page 41 of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 35  Page 53 (top) of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 36  Page 52 (top) of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 37  Page 24 (top) of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 38  Page 76 (top) of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 39  Detail of plate 1 of the “Accompaniment” to Thomas Sheraton, The Cabinet-Maker and Upholsterer’s Drawing-Book, London, 1793. (Courtesy, Winterthur Museum Library.)

Figure 40  Page 35 (top) of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 41  Page 33 (top) of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 42  Page 17 (top) of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 43  Page 56 of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 44  Page 37 of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 45  Page 79 (top) of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 46  Page 23 of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 47  Page 55 (top) of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 48  Page 28 (top) of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 49  Page 15 (top) of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 50  Detail of plate 3 of the “Accompaniment” to Thomas Sheraton, The Cabinet-Maker and Upholsterer’s Drawing-Book, London, 1793. (Courtesy, Winterthur Library.)

Figure 51  Page 7 (top) of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 52  Page 59 (top) of the Nestell Drawing Book
.
Figure 53  Page 43 (top) of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 54  Detail of plate 27 from Lorenzo Roccheggiani, Invenzioni Diverse di Mobili ed Utensilj Sacri e Profani, Rome, ca. 1806. (Courtesy, Winterthur Museum Library.)

Figure 55  Page 36 (top) of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 56  Page 77 of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 57  Page 20 of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 58  Page 71 (top) of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 59  Page 70 (top) of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 60  Page 26 (top) of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 61  Page 27 of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 62  Page 49 (top) of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 63  Page 25 (top) of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 64  Page 32 (top) of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 65  Page 30 (top) of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 66  Page 38 of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 67  Page 18 (top) of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 68  Page 42 of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 69  Page 22 (top) of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 70  Page 40 (top) of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 71  Page 74 of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 72  Page 61 (top) of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 73  Page 78 of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 74  Page 44 of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 75  Page 81 of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 76  Page 63 of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 77  Page 80 of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 78  Page 6 (top) of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 79  Page 45 (top) of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 80  Page 14 of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 81  Page 13 of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 82  Page 48 (top) of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 83  Page 46 of the Nestell Drawing Book.

Figure 84  Detail of the back panel of a fancy side chair, New York City, 1815–1820. Maple, cherry, yellow poplar, and hickory. H. 32 3/4", W. 19", D. 16 1/2". (Courtesy, Winterthur Museum.)

Figure 85  Detail of the center back of a bentwood side chair by Samuel Gragg, Boston, ca. 1809–1812. Birch, white oak, and beech. H. 34 3/8", W. 18", D. 25 1/8". (Courtesy, Winterthur Museum.)

Figure 86  Detail of the top of a card table, Middletown area of Connecticut, 1795–1810. Maple with white pine. H. 29", W. 38", D. 18 5/8". (Courtesy, Winterthur Museum.)

Figure 87  Detail of the back of a Windsor armchair, New York City, 1814–1820. Yellow poplar, and maple. H. 34 1/2", W. 167/8" (crest), D. 16 7/8" (seat). (Courtesy, Winterthur Museum.)

Figure 88  Detail of the upper back of a Windsor side chair by Silas Buss, Sterling, Massachusetts, 1820–1827. White pine and other woods. H. 34 7/8", W. 16 1/2" (crest), D. 15 3/4" (seat). (Courtesy, Marblehead Historical Society, Marblehead, Massachusetts; photo, Winterthur Museum.)

Figure 89  Detail of the upper back of a Windsor side chair, New York City, ca. 1809–1815. Yellow poplar and other woods. H. 34 3/4", W. 16 3/8" (crest), D. 14 1/4" (seat). (Private collection; photo, Winterthur Museum.)

Figure 90  Detail of the right crest panel of a
fancy settee, probably northeastern Massachusetts, 1810–1820. Maple, mulberry, ash, birch, and hickory. H. 34", W. 66 1/2" , D. 19". (Courtesy, Winterthur Museum.)

Figure 91  Detail of the upper back of a Windsor side chair, New York City, 1820–1825. Yellow poplar, maple, and other woods. H. 34 3/16", W. 15 7/8" (crest), D. 15 1/4" (seat). (Private collection; photo, Winterthur Museum.)

Figure 92  Fancy armchair, New York City, 1810–1820. Maple and yellow poplar. H. 35",
W. 20", D. 16". (Courtesy, Winterthur Museum.)

Figure 93  Fancy side chair by John and Hugh Finlay, Baltimore, 1815. Yellow poplar, maple, and walnut. H. 32 1/2", W. 17 3/4", D. 20". (Courtesy, Winterthur Museum.)

Figure 94  Detail of the center panel on the skirt of the card table illustrated in fig. 86.

Figure 95  Detail of the left front panel on the skirt of a pier table, Baltimore, 1810–1820. White pine, poplar, and cherry; marble. H. 34 1/4", W. 53 1/2", D. 24 1/4". (Courtesy, Winterthur Museum.)

Figure 96  Detail of the crest tablet of a fancy upholstered-seat side chair, possibly John or Hugh Finlay, Baltimore, 1815–1825. Cherry, maple, and yellow poplar. H. 315/8", W. 20 1/8", D. 21 1/2". (Courtesy, Winterthur Museum.)