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Stephen E. Patrick
The American Foundation of the Chelsea Porcelain Manufactory, 1745–1784
Joshua Johnson (1742–1802), an Annapolis merchant, traveled to London
in 1773 (fig. 1). Johnson’s
letterbooks reveal that he was engaged by a number of his Annapolis neighbors
to act on their behalf in business matters. One of those neighbors engaging
his services was Jeremiah Townley Chase (1748–1828), the son of British
émigrés from London (fig. 2).
Chase’s mother died when he was five months old, and his father,
Richard, followed when the boy was nine. As an adult, Chase read law and
prepared for the bar, and later was appointed a Maryland state judge.
At the age of twenty-four, in 1773, the young solicitor was becoming increasingly
aware of his own legal history and the disposition of his father’s
estate when Chase was a child.
In surviving records, Chase apparently encountered a letter written by
his father’s cousin, London solicitor Sir William Halton, on December
10, 1747.1
Sir William referred to London properties that had been given to Richard
Chase from his mother’s family, conveyed by settlement around 1720,
and included an account of rents paid on houses owned in Wardour Street,
Soho (figs. 3, 4).
Jeremiah Chase had no prior knowledge of these properties in London, and
most certainly had not seen any income. He engaged Johnson to investigate
the matter. On December 23, 1775, as the American Revolution began to
escalate, Johnson reported back from London, writing to Chase in Annapolis.
He cataloged the frustrations he had encountered with various landlords,
attorneys, bookkeepers, and clerks, and in the end, engaged a London attorney.
He also produced new information:
there were four more houses in the original Richard Chase estate. They
were not in London proper, and thus his London attorney had traveled up
the river to explore them. Johnson enclosed with his letter to Chase a
copy of the attorney’s report, which read in part:
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The four Houses at Chelsea are situate
at the upper end of Lawrence Street near the church fronting the river
Thames and were some years since occupied by the Proprietor of the
Chelsea Porcelain Manufactory but are now in the occupation of Mrs.
Friend (who inhabits the same house Dr. Smollet did). . . . The Name
of Chase is well known to the Person from whom I gathered most of
this Intelligence who has lived in Lawrence Street near 30 years and
remembers seeing some old leases at the time the Estate was put up
to Sale.2 |
After the war, Chase got some money from Wardour Street, but he failed
to regain any claim to the Chelsea property, the first home of the celebrated
porcelain manufacturer (fig. 5).
The lack of documentation hindered him tremendously, and the sale and
destruction of the houses in 1784 further frustrated his case, which he
pursued into the 1790s. In a letter written in 1873, Judge Chase’s
granddaughter, Lucy Harwood, sadly noted, “Grand Pa seems to have
had endless trouble with his English estates—his health was always
delicate and as it became more infirm I imagine he let the English affairs
drop.”3
Judge Chase died in 1828, a few days shy of his eightieth birthday, never
collecting on his Chelsea properties.
Stephen E. Patrick
Director, City of Bowie Museums
<spatrick@cityofbowie.org>
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