Footnotes

1. On October 9, 2002, an unrecorded fluted cup—closely comparable to figure 1 in W.R.H. Ramsay, Anton Gabszewicz, and E. G. Ramsay, “The Chemistry of ‘A’-Marked Porcelain and Its Relation to the Heylyn and Frye Patent of 1744,” Transactions of the English Ceramic Circle 18, pt. 2 (2003): 264–83—but more densely enameled and with a brown painted rim, was auctioned by Dreweatt Neate, Newbury, lot 376. See also J.V.G. Mallet, “The ‘A’ Marked Porcelains Revisited,” English Ceramic Circle Transactions 15 (1994): 240–57.
2. Arthur Lane, “Unidentified Italian or English Porcelains: The A Marked Group,” Mitteilungsblatt (Keramik-Freunde der Schweiz ), no. 43 (1958): 25.
3. Lane, “Unidentified Italian or English Porcelains,” pp. 15–18; Robert J. Charleston and J.V.G. Mallet, “A Problematical Group of Eighteenth-Century Porcelains,” English Ceramic Circle Transactions 8, pt. 1 (1971): 80–121; Mallet, “‘A’ Marked Porcelains Revisited,” pp. 240–57.
4. Lane, “Unidentified Italian or English Porcelains”; Charleston and Mallet, “Problematical Group of Eighteenth-Century Porcelains”; Mallet, “‘A’ Marked Porcelains Revisited.”
5. Hilary Young, English Porcelain 1745–95: Its Makers, Design, Marketing and Consumption, Victoria and Albert Museum Studies in the History of Art and Design (London: Victoria and Albert Museum, 1999), p. 229.
6. Maurice Hillis, “An Introduction to Ceramic Raw Materials, Bodies and Glazes,” Journal of the Northern Ceramic Society 18 (2001): 77–111.
7. B. L. Rauschenberg, “Andrew Duché: A Potter ‘A Little Too Much Addicted to Politicks,’” Journal of Early Southern Decorative Arts 7, no. 1 (1991): 1–101.
8. Graham Hood, “The Career of Andrew Duché,” Art Quarterly 31 (1968): 168–84.
9. Rauschenberg, “Andrew Duché.”
10. W.R.H. Ramsay, Anton Gabszewicz, and E. G. Ramsay, “‘Unaker’ or Cherokee Clay and Its Relationship to the ‘Bow’ Porcelain Manufactory,” English Ceramic Circle Transactions 17, pt. 3 (2001): 473–99.
11. Ibid.
12. Ibid., p. 492.
13. Richard Bouwman, Glorious Innings: Treasures from the Melbourne Cricket Club Collection (Melbourne: Hutchinson Australia, 1987), p. 131.
14. For example, see the Ch’ien Lung famille rose bowl and cover from The Metropolitan Museum of Art illustrated in Warren E. Cox, The Book of Pottery and Porcelain (New York: Crown Publishers, 1970), 2: 1158, and a Ch’ing dynasty bowl and cover illustrated in W.B.R. Neave-Hill, Chinese Ceramics (Edinburgh and London: John Bartholomew and Sons, 1975), p. 176.
15. Charleston and Mallet, “Problematical Group of Eighteenth-Century Porcelains,” pp. 80–121.
16. Quoted in William Vaughan, Gainsborough (London: Thames and Hudson, 2002), p. 224.
17. Robin Simon and Alistar Smart, The Art of Cricket (London: Secker and Warburg, 1983).
18. Bouwman, Glorious Innings, p. 131.
19. Errol Manners, personal communication, May 2002.
20. W. S. Bayley, “The Kaolins of North Carolina,” North Carolina Geological and Economic Survey, Bulletin 29 (1925): 132.
21. Nancy Valpy, “‘A’-Marked Porcelain: ‘A’ for Argyll?,” English Ceramic Circle Transactions 13, pt. 1 (1987): 96–107.
22. John P. Cushion and Margaret Cushion, A Collector’s History of British Porcelain (Woodbridge, Suffolk, Eng.: Antique Collectors’ Club, 1992), p. 448.
23. Ian C. Freestone, “A-Marked Porcelain: Some Recent Scientific Work,” English Ceramic Circle Transactions 16, pt. 1 (1996): 76–84.
24. Ian C. Freestone, “The Science of Early English Porcelain,” in The Sixth Conference and Exhibition of the European Ceramic Society, 20–24 June 1999, Brighton Conference Centre, UK: Abstracts; British Ceramic Proceedings, no. 60 (London: IOM Communications, 1999), 1: 11–17; Ian C. Freestone, “The Mineralogy and Chemistry of Early British Porcelain,” Mineralogical Society Bulletin (July 1999): 3–7.
25. Ramsay, Gabszewicz, and Ramsay, “‘Unaker’ or Cherokee Clay”; Ramsay, Gabszewicz, and Ramsay, “Chemistry of ‘A’-Marked Porcelain.”
26. Mavis Bimson and Michael J. Hughes in Charleston and Mallet, “Problematical Group of Eighteenth-Century Porcelains,” pp. 80–121. The teapot and cover (V&A C.207 and A-1937) are illustrated in ibid., pl. 65b.
27. Bimson and Hughes in Charleston and Mallet, “Problematical Group of Eighteenth-Century Porcelains”; Freestone, “A-Marked Porcelain”; Ramsay, Gabszewicz, and Ramsay, “Chemistry of ‘A’-Marked Porcelain.”
28. Freestone, “A-Marked Porcelain”; Ramsay, Gabszewicz, and Ramsay, “‘Unaker’ or Cherokee Clay.”
29. J. Victor Owen, “Geochemical and Mineralogical Distinctions between Bonnin and Morris (Philadelphia, 1770–1772) Porcelain and Some Contemporary British Phosphatic Wares,” Geoarchaeology 16, no. 7 (2001): 785–802.
30. Andrew Deeming, personal communication, January 2003.
31. Ramsay, Gabszewicz, and Ramsay, “Chemistry of ‘A’-Marked Porcelain”; Freestone, “A-Marked Porcelain.”
32. Freestone, “A-Marked Porcelain”; Ramsay, Gabszewicz, and Ramsay, “Chemistry of ‘A’-Marked Porcelain”; W.R.H. Ramsay, G. Hill, and E. G. Ramsay, “Re-creation of the 1744 Heylyn and Frye Ceramic Patent Wares Using Cherokee Clay: Implications for Raw Materials, Kiln Conditions, and the Earliest English Porcelain Production,” Geoarchaeology, in press.
33. Ramsay, Gabszewicz, and Ramsay, “Chemistry of ‘A’-Marked Porcelain”; Charleston and Mallet, “Problematical Group of Eighteenth-Century Porcelains.”
34. Ramsay, Gabszewicz, and Ramsay, “‘Unaker’ or Cherokee Clay”; Ramsay, Gabszewicz, and Ramsay, “Chemistry of ‘A’-Marked Porcelain.”
35. Freestone, “Science of Early English Porcelain,” and Freestone, “Mineralogy and Chemistry of Early British Porcelain.”
36. Freestone, “A-Marked Porcelain”; Ramsay, Gabszewicz, and Ramsay, “Chemistry of ‘A’-Marked Porcelain.”
37. Ramsay, Gabszewicz, and Ramsay, “Chemistry of ‘A’-Marked Porcelain.”
38. Ramsay, Gabszewicz, and Ramsay, “‘Unaker’ or Cherokee Clay.”
39. Bernard Watney, English Blue and White Porcelain of the 18th Century (London: Faber and Faber, 1973), p. 145; Hillis, “Introduction to Ceramic Raw Materials, Bodies and Glazes,” pp. 77–111.
40. Hugh Tait, Bow Porcelain, 1744–1776: A Special Exhibition of Documentary Material to Commemorate the Bi-centenary of the Retirement of Thomas Frye, Manager of the Factory and “inventor and first manufacturer of porcelain in England,” exh. cat., British Museum, London, October 1959–April 1960 (London: Trustees of the British Museum, 1959); Hugh Tait, “The Bow Factory under Alderman Arnold and Thomas Frye (1747–1759),” English Ceramic Circle Transactions 5, pt. 4 (1963): 195–216; Hugh Tait, “Bow,” in English Porcelain, 1745–1850, edited by R. J. Charleston (London: E. Benn, 1965), pp. 42–52; Elizabeth Adams and David Redstone, Bow Porcelain (London: Faber and Faber, 1981), p. 251.
41. See Tait, Bow Porcelain, 1744–1776, fig. 1, and Tait, “Bow Factory under Alderman Arnold and Thomas Frye,” p. 195.
42. The epitaph is quoted in full in Adams and Redstone, Bow Porcelain.
43. Ramsay, Gabszewicz, and Ramsay, “‘Unaker’ or Cherokee Clay.”
44. Tait, “Bow Factory under Alderman and Thomas Frye.”
45. Frank Hurlbutt, Bow Porcelain (London: G. Bell and Sons, 1926).
46. Ramsay, Gabszewicz, and Ramsay, “Chemistry of ‘A’-Marked Porcelain.”
47. See Tait, “Bow,” p. 43.
48. Graham Hood, Bonnin and Morris of Philadelphia: The First American Porcelain Factory, 1770–1772 (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1972); Garrison Stradling, “American Ceramics and the Philadelphia Centennial,” Antiques 110 (July 1976), pp. 146–58; Graham Hood, “The American China,” in The American Craftsman and the European Tradition, 1620–1820, edited by Francis J. Puig and Michael Conforti (Minneapolis: Minneapolis Institute of Arts, 1989), pp. 240–55; Garrison Stradling, “American Porcelains,” in Sotheby’s Concise Encyclopedia of Porcelain, edited by David Battie (Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1990), pp. 182–83; Morrison H. Heckscher and Leslie Greene Bowman, American Rococo, 1750–1775: Elegance in Ornament, exh. cat., Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, January 26– May 17, 1992; Los Angeles County Museum of Art, July 5–September 27, 1992 (New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1992), p. 288.
49. Hood, Bonnin and Morris of Philadelphia; Adams and Redstone, Bow Porcelain.
50. Terrance Lockett, “English Porcelain and Colonial America,” English Ceramic Circle Transactions 16, pt. 3 (1998): 283–97.
51. Hood, “Career of Andrew Duché.”
52. Tait, Bow Porcelain, 1744–1776; Watney, English Blue and White Porcelain.